If cooking dal on the stove top in a pot/pan, wash and soak dals for 15-20 minutes before cooking. This will reduce cooking time. You may also cook dal without soaking.
Add 2 cups water to the pan along with washed dal.
Bring to boil and cook till just done. This will take about 10-12 minutes for masoor and moong dal. If using toor dal, it will take about 20-25 minutes.
Or you may cook dal in a separator in the pressure cooker and then follow the process given below.
While the dal is cooking, make the tempering and cooking the methi leaves as given below.
Make tempering
Heat oil/ ghee in a pan/kadai in which you are planning to make dal.
Add mustard and cumin seeds and hing/asafotida.
When they stop spluttering, add chopped methi/fenugreek leaves.
Stir and cook for 2 minutes or till the leaves look wilted, which will take only 2-3 minutes.
You may cover and cook methi leaves for 2-3 minutes.
Add chopped tomatoes, if adding. Cover and cook for 4-5 minutes till tomatoes start to lose shape.
Add cooked dal, all the spices, red chili powder, garam masala, turmeric powder, salt.
Add jaggery / sugar if adding. Stir well and add water according to the required consistency. It should not be watery. Dal is usually a bit thick. Cook for 4-5 minutes. Take off fire.
Serve hot with rice, roti etc.